Research on the implementation of supervision in t

Research on the implementation of supervision in ERP project

rp project refers to the whole process of optimizing the company's business process and realizing modern management by using the theory and application software of enterprise resource planning (ERP) with the help of computer technology. The objectively existing cases of failure in the implementation of ERP system urge the managers of enterprises to pay special attention to the following issues: how to ensure the successful implementation of ERP system? Can we introduce a supervision mechanism for ERP projects to ensure the success of ERP projects? This paper will discuss the supervision mechanism in the implementation of ERP project

I. the necessity of ERP project implementation supervision

in the real environment, the success rate of ERP implementation in enterprises is not very high, for many reasons, but the lack of serious and responsible high-level supervision is a very important reason. In order to improve the application level of EKP, it is necessary for enterprises to establish a project supervision system in the process of ERP application, and use this socialized, scientific and professional management to ensure that ERP projects are completed on schedule

the theory and method of supervision has been widely used in many engineering fields for the fifth time, and it is an important method to ensure the quality of engineering projects. The executor of the supervision project is a third party independent of both Party A and Party B of the project. By concluding a contract with Party A, he can monitor and control the implementation progress and quality of the project in real time, deal with the problems in the project in time, and promote the efficient, healthy and reasonable progress of the project. Construction project implementation supervision has become a routine system at home and abroad to carry out scientific management and ensure the smooth completion of construction projects. In order to improve the probability of successful implementation of ERP, the necessity of its implementation supervision mainly comes from the following aspects:

1. The implementation of EKP is often the first encounter for most enterprises, which is seriously inexperienced. Due to the strict scientific nature, high integration and complexity of ERP implementation, enterprises often feel uneasy in the implementation process, and do not know what countermeasures to take when there are problems, let alone formulate preventive measures for possible problems in advance

2. The implementation services provided by EKP software suppliers are only part of the ERP implementation project. It should be said that most ERP software suppliers (or partners) are responsible for the implementation services provided. However, due to the different backgrounds, uneven levels and priorities of software implementation consultants, a considerable part of the work related to the success of ERP implementation and much needed by enterprises, the implementation consultants are unable to do or have the energy to be proud, which leads to the application enterprises to bear greater risks

3. generally speaking, the success rate of ERP implementation in enterprises is not high. With the construction of socialist market economy and the deepening of reform and opening up, the economic environment on which enterprises rely and various internal systems of enterprises gradually move closer to international practices, providing favorable conditions for the implementation of ERP. The implementation success rate is rising, but on the whole, the success rate is not high. As a result, the lack of scientific, professional and throughout the whole process of project supervision is a crucial factor

4. The supervisor can coordinate and ensure the successful cooperation between Party A and Party B. From the application of enterprises, there are many problems in the implementation of EKP system, the most prominent of which is the dispute between investors (enterprises), developers and technology support units. On many occasions, users can't even tell their own needs, so they have to rely entirely on technology support units and software development enterprises. However, software development enterprises and technology supporting units may choose systems with advanced technology and complete functions from their own perspective. However, the applicability of the system and the accommodation of the current structure have not been fully considered

in order to solve these problems and make ERP system truly become a sharp weapon of enterprise management, the coordination and guarantee work of implementing EKP project is the key to the success or failure of the project. Party A's enterprise security often has inappropriate position contradictions with developers and technology supporting units; The guarantee of developers and technology supporting units cannot be fully trusted by Party A, so it is considered that a third party authorized by Party A should be used to "supervise" the implementation. In addition, from the internal operation of the enterprise, the implementation of ERP system is actually a management project. Due to the lack of implementation experience of large-scale management system, the process may be out of control; As ERP system involves various management departments of the enterprise, it may produce some problems and resistance in the implementation process, which requires coordination; Because the complete implementation of ERP system requires a long implementation cycle and more resource investment, it requires careful planning and control. Therefore, enterprises must pay attention to the implementation supervision of the project when implementing ERP system

II. Main contents of ERP project implementation supervision

1. Analyze the contents of ERP supervision from a macro perspective. The purpose of ERP project implementation supervision is to provide the owner with advice appropriate to the identity of the supervisor by using the knowledge, experience and reasonable skills of the supervisor, help the owner achieve the predetermined objectives of the project contract, and ensure the successful implementation of ERP. In view of the above, all factors that will affect the success of the implementation should be included as far as possible. From this point of view, the supervision of ERP project implementation should at least include the following aspects: assisting in the overall design of ERP; Assist in BPR (Business Process Reengineering); Assist in the selection of ERP application software; Assist in the whole process of ERP implementation

2. Analyze the content of ERP supervision from the micro level. The implementation supervision of ERP project refers to the supervision and control of various resources and objectives involved in the implementation of the project in the whole process of project implementation (including the preparation stage before the start and the evaluation stage after the completion). The content and scope of ERP project supervision should include the whole process of ERP project, not just the software implementation part of ERP project. Project implementation supervision is the supervision of the whole process. According to the project implementation process, it can be divided into early project supervision (project preparation supervision), project process supervision (implementation supervision during project implementation) and late project supervision (supervision after project implementation or completion)

III. personnel of project implementation supervision

project implementation supervision is closely related to the success of ERP project implementation. Project implementation supervision is to supervise and control the whole process of project implementation. So who should play the role of project implementation supervision? Generally speaking, when an enterprise implements an ERP project, there will be three aspects of personnel involved: internal personnel of the enterprise, support service personnel of ERP system suppliers and other third-party personnel

the person in charge of project implementation supervision can come from among these three parties or from outside these three parties. In fact, among ~ ERP projects, the fundamental interests of the three parties are not exactly the same. Therefore, if you want to choose one (or one) of the three parties to undertake the implementation supervision task of the project, you should first consider the person in the enterprise, because the project is actually an enterprise project. But to do so, the requirements for enterprises are relatively high. Enterprises must understand ERP and know how to implement a large-scale management project. If the enterprise itself has limited ability in the supervision and control of project implementation, it can also consider that non enterprise personnel can play the role of project implementation supervision. In some cases, the roles of pre project supervision, project process supervision and post project supervision can also be separated and undertaken by different parties (or personnel). In any case, enterprises should consider the following points when considering and deciding who will undertake the task of project implementation supervision: the supervisor (or personnel) should have a deep understanding of ERP and the implementation of ERP projects; The supervisor (or personnel) should be experienced, fair and negative; The supervisor (or personnel) is familiar with all parties involved in the implementation of the project and is good at communication; The interests represented by the supervisor (or personnel) should not be too contradictory or irrelevant to the interests of the enterprise

IV. implementation supervision mode of ERP project

according to the actual possible situation, ERP project implementation supervision can adopt three different modes, namely, independent supervision, consultant and project general responsibility

1. Independent supervision. This mode fully emphasizes supervision, which is applicable to the supervision of the board of directors or the general meeting of shareholders over the company and the parent company over its subsidiaries or branches. The trustor is the board of directors, the general meeting of shareholders or the parent company. The supervision team includes a manager and a member of the supervisory team who can make polymer based bio composite packaging materials that can degrade naturally in the soil. The supervision team is independent of the ERP project implementation organization. In order to ensure the impartiality and objectivity of the supervision team, the team members will not undertake any form of ERP consultation and implementation tasks

2. Consultants. This model does not emphasize supervision, but mainly provides suggestions. The consultant is more suitable for the ERP Project Steering Committee to understand the status and progress of the project from a third party. The advisory group includes a senior consultant and 1-3 consultants. The Advisory Group is independent of the ERP project organization

in order to ensure the impartiality and objectivity of the supervision team, the team members will not undertake any form of ERP consultation and implementation tasks. The Advisory Group regularly visits the implementation site, evaluates the status of the project through investigation and testing, and reports to the client. For the occurrence of

3, the project is in charge. This mode brings the supervision mechanism into the ERP project implementation organization. The project manager is not generated from within the company, but independently hired from a third party. The so-called third party refers to that the candidate of the project manager and the consultant providing consulting services come from different companies. The project manager is directly responsible to the steering committee and has the right to supervise and dispatch the ERP implementation organization and external consultants. The project manager is fully responsible for the process and results of the ERP project. For companies that lack project managers, this model is the best choice. In this mode, the emphasis on project management is far better than the emphasis on project supervision

v. conclusion

ERP project is of great significance for enterprise computerization. Similarly, the reasonable implementation of supervision has become an important condition for the successful implementation of ERP. At present, the establishment of ERP project supervision system in China still needs to do the following three jobs. First, strengthen publicity, and urge enterprises and application personnel to fully understand the necessity and urgency of establishing ERP project supervision system; Second, further formulate and improve ERP project supervision specifications; Third, cultivate and improve the professional ethics and professional level of ERP project supervisors. (end)